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排序方式: 共有235条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
The stability of hydrogen in ZnO is studied using hydrogenated nanowires by plasma treatment. Enhanced near band edge UV emission and reduced defect level green emission is observed after hydrogen plasma treatment. Through thermal stability tests, this effect is found to be stable at room temperature and nearly stable up to ~500 K, but begins to deteriorate at higher temperature. The study of the irradiation stability of the hydrogen in ZnO nanowires shows that the hydrogen is stable under an electron beam with an accelerating voltage lower than 5 kV, but is not stable under 10 kV or under an intensive laser beam. The results could benefit the further understanding of the role of hydrogen in ZnO and light-emitting devices based on hydrogenated ZnO. 相似文献
32.
Differences in the aerosolization behavior of microorganisms as revealed through their transport by biogas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aerosol microbial diversity of biogas was analyzed in order to examine the aerosolization behavior of microorganisms. Six biogas samples were analyzed: five from mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestors treating different wastes, and one from landfill. Epifluorescent microscopic counts reveal that with 10(6) Prokarya m(-3), only one per one thousand billion were aerosolized from the digestor sludges to the biogas. SSU (Small Sub Unit) ribosomal fingerprinting (Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism) shows that microbial communities in the biogas were not just a rough copy of anaerobic digestor microbial communities and underlines that all microorganisms are not equally convoyed by biogas. To assess the difference occurring in aerosolization, 675 biogas-borne SSU ribosomal DNA were analyzed and compared to published anaerobic digestor microbial diversity. Results show that microorganisms belonging to Archaea, Deltaproteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Thermotogae, Chloroflexi phyla and sulfate-reducing groups were non-aerosolized whereas microorganisms belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, TM7 phyla as well as strictly aerobic and occasionally pathogenic species presented high levels of aerosolization. Finally, microorganisms belonging to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla represent passively-aerosolized microorganisms with similar frequencies in biogas-borne and anaerobic digestor microbial communities. 相似文献
33.
Emmanuel Benoist Jean-Jacques Hébrard 《Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence》2003,37(3):251-272
The enlarged Horn formulas generalize the extended Horn formulas introduced by Chandru and Hooker (1991). Their satisfying truth assignments can be generated with polynomial delay. Unfortunately no polynomial algorithm is known for recognizing enlarged Horn formulas or extended Horn formulas. In this paper we define the class of simple enlarged Horn formulas, a subclass of the enlarged Horn formulas, that contains the simple extended Horn formulas introduced by Swaminathan and Wagner (1995). We present recognition algorithms for the simple enlarged Horn formulas and the simple extended Horn formulas whose complexity is bounded by the complexity of the arborescence-realization problem. 相似文献
34.
Greffet JJ De La Cruz-Gutierrez M Ignatovich PV Radunsky A 《Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision》2003,20(12):2315-2320
We analyze the effect of partial spatial coherence on the scattering of light by an arbitrary particle. We extend the definition of the extinction cross section to spatially partially coherent fields. We then discuss the effect of the partial coherence on the extinction scattering cross section by introducing the Wigner transform. It is shown that for rotationally invariant scatterers, the extinction cross section does not depend on the coherence of the incident field. The effect of partial coherence on the angular behavior of the scattered intensity is also discussed in the framework of the Wigner transform. The implications for practical applications are considered. 相似文献
35.
Elaloufi R Carminati R Greffet JJ 《Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision》2003,20(4):678-685
We revisit the definition of the diffusion coefficient for light transport in scattering and absorbing media. From an asymptotic analysis of the transport equation, we present a novel derivation of the diffusion coefficient, which is restricted neither to low absorption nor to a situation in which the specific intensity is quasi-isotropic. Our result agrees with previous expressions of the diffusion coefficient in the appropriate limit. Using numerical simulations, we discuss the implications of the proper choice of the diffusion coefficient for time-dependent transport. 相似文献
36.
Jean-Jacques Chattot 《Computers & Fluids》2006,35(7):733-741
A helicoidal vortex model is used to predict the flow past the blades of a wind turbine. As the tip speed ratio (TSR) varies, the environment in which the blades operate varies, and for low enough TSR, the local angle of attack α will be larger than (α)Clmax, the incidence of maximum lift. The problem becomes highly nonlinear and it is shown that adding an artificial viscosity term to the equation allows the iterative algorithm to converge toward a smooth solution that is physically acceptable.The introduction of unsteady effects is useful to understand the cyclic forces and moments due to yaw or tower interaction, both for the design of blades to account for fatigue and for power output prediction. The 2-D impulsively plunging plate problem is solved with a semi-implicit scheme and the integral and numerical solutions compared and shown to be in excellent agreement. A 2-D test case to study the convection of a periodic shedding of vorticity downstream of a blade element is analyzed using the same semi-implicit algorithm and a stretched mesh similar to that used to model a turbine vortex sheet. The scheme captures accurately the vorticity distribution in the wake. Finally, the scheme is applied to the simulation of the NREL two-bladed rotor in yaw to assess the validity of the approach. 相似文献
37.
Jean-Jacques Hébrard 《Information Processing Letters》2003,88(4):177-182
We give a new algorithm for computing a prepositional Horn CNF formula given the set of its models. Its running time is O(|R|n(|R|+n)), where |R| is the number of models and n that of variables, and the computed CNF contains at most |R|n clauses. This algorithm also uses the well-known closure property of Horn relations in a new manner. 相似文献
38.
Julien Fleureau Karim Bensalah Denis Rolland Olivier Lavastre Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq François Guillé Jean-Jacques Patard Renaud de Crevoisier Lotfi Senhadji 《Expert systems with applications》2011,38(11):14301-14306
In this study, we propose to evaluate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS) to assess renal tumours at surgery. Different classes of Raman renal spectra acquired during a clinical protocol are discriminated using support vector machines classifiers. The influence on the classification scores of various preprocessing steps generally involved in RS are also investigated and evaluated in the particular context of renal tumour characterization. Encouraging results show the interest of RS to evaluate kidney cancer and suggest the potential of this technique as a surgical assistance during partial nephrectomy. 相似文献
39.
CPG-based control of a turtle-like underwater vehicle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents biologically inspired control strategies for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) propelled by flapping
fins that resemble the paddle-like forelimbs of a sea turtle. Our proposed framework exploits limit cycle oscillators and
diffusive couplings, thereby constructing coupled nonlinear oscillators, similar to the central pattern generators (CPGs)
in animal spinal cords. This paper first presents rigorous stability analyses and experimental results of CPG-based control
methods with and without actuator feedback to the CPG. In these methods, the CPG module generates synchronized oscillation
patterns, which are sent to position-servoed flapping fin actuators as a reference input. In order to overcome the limitation
of the open-loop CPG that the synchronization is occurring only between the reference signals, this paper introduces a new
single-layered CPG method, where the CPG and the physical layers are combined as a single layer, to ensure the synchronization
of the physical actuators in the presence of external disturbances. The key idea is to replace nonlinear oscillators in the
conventional CPG models with physical actuators that oscillate due to nonlinear state feedback of the actuator states. Using
contraction theory, a relatively new nonlinear stability tool, we show that coupled nonlinear oscillators globally synchronize
to a specific pattern that can be stereotyped by an outer-loop controller. Results of experimentation with a turtle-like AUV
show the feasibility of the proposed control laws. 相似文献
40.